至少找出三个解决方法，而不是只依赖直觉，接受第一个冒出来的点子。

The 3+ principle: Force yourself to explore at least three possible solutions to a problem. If you find yourself considering only two options, force yourself to find at least one more.

很多解决方案，只想一步，不考虑后果。理想的方案，应该能用较低的成本，比如预期的 20%，解决掉 80% 的问题，且问题不会春风吹又生。

Use the test of time. Test whether you’re addressing the root cause of a problem, rather than merely treating a symptom, by asking yourself whether it will stand the test of time. Will this solution fix the problem permanently, or will the problem return in the future? If it seems like the latter, then chances are you’re only treating a symptom.

邀请其他人参与你的早期设计思考，简单直接地拉到白板前讨论好过给出详细的文档。

Try to keep the clay wet. Rather than writing up a document or creating a slideshow, invite them to a whiteboard and redraw the elements as you worked them out earlier, building up the concept from the beginning.

Stick completely to the concept you already worked out to get feedback on the work you’ve already done. Then once you’ve covered the work you already did, open it up and invite them to suggest revisions. Having seen this concept, do they have any insights about how to drastically simplify or approach the problem differently?

写一份需求说明，shape up 需要具备五点。问题、胃口、方案、坑、不做。

There are five ingredients that we always want to include in a pitch:

Problem — The raw idea, a use case, or something we’ve seen that motivates us to work on this

Appetite — How much time we want to spend and how that constrains the solution

Solution — The core elements we came up with, presented in a form that’s easy for people to immediately understand

Think of yourself as dead. You have lived your life. Now take what’s left and live it properly.

—MARCUS AURELIUS, Meditations, Book 7